3 sub genres of science fiction are

-       Cyberpunk is identified with its punk themes which are blended with futuristic elements

-       Time travel is time travel

-       Space travel films are fictional extensions of reality with many established ideas and rules.

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An example of a space travel film would be interstellar in which many concepts that have been theorised in astrophysics are applied to ground the film in the genre of science fiction. This is represented with the implementation of worm holes, artificial gravity, black holes and robots. These elements ingrain the film in the science fiction genre whist grounding it enough to make the audience more emotionally invested into the film.

In this we see the depiction of a black hole, in which was created using Einstein’s theory of relativity in a program, constructing this visual representation of the black hole. By doing this it can truly engage the viewe. Furthermore, time dilation, which is caused by gravity itself, is used as a plot device in the film to jump the charecters many years in the future. In this the main character is forced to watch messages that have accumulated over the year jump causing him to be overwhelmed.  By doing this we can sympathise for the charecters at a greater level as the situation is depicted with realistic elements.

The matrix is another example of science fiction which implements realistic ideas to portray the story. In this artificial intelligence and virtual reality are used to forward the story. The construction of artificial intelligence is present in the modern world and to believe that at some point it’ll reach the intelligence depicted in the film wouldn’t be too far-fetched and in fact an inevitability.